Valve mechanism for pumps



Oct. 28,1930. E. D. DUNNlNG VALVE MECHANISM FOR PUMPS 2 Sheets$heet l Filed Dec.

Oct. 28, 1930. E. D. DUNNING VALVE MECHANISM FOR PUMPS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 3 192 ffiz erziaf r v Elm er fi. fiannz'ng.

% 5y zgjls f'z z orneyq Patented Oct.23, 193

uuirso STATES ELMER n. nunnmo, orrHILarELrnm, rnmrsnvam, assrenpn T0 xumm con Parser oriuca PORA'I'ION, OF JEFFERSONVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE vanvnmamsu ron mmrs App1ication fled December 8, 1928. Serial No. 152,416.

This invention relates primarily to improvements in valve mechanisms for pumps or compressors, and more particularly to compressors of the type employed in refrigerating apparatus.

The principal object of the invention is to provide valve mechanism which will be of extreme simplicity and at the same time highly efficient, as hereinafter more fully set forth and as illustrated in the attached drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a plan view'of a compressor cylinder body having valve mechanism made in accordance with my invention;

b gig. 2 is a side elevation of the cylinder Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3, Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a view of the cylinder block with the coverplate. removed but with the gasket in place;

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5, Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a view in perspective of the gasket;

Figs. 7 and 8 are detached perspectives of certain of the valve elements, and

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary enlarged sectional view on the line 9-9, Fig. 1, illustrating the action of the valve elements.

Referring to the drawings, the compressor comprises a cylinder body 1 having extending th'erethrough cylinders 2 and 3 in which operate pistons 4 and 5 respectively. These pistons are driven from a source of power (not shown) through rods 6 and 7. At the top of the cylinder body 1 1s a transverse flange, 8 including at each side and centrallv of the body a depending portion 9, and through these depending portions and through the body 1 between the cylinders 2 and 3 extends a passage 11. The outer ends 12 and 13 of this passage 11 are counterbored, as shown in Fig. 5, and are internally threaded for reception either of a plug 14 for closing the end of the passage or of a pipe 15 forming a part of the refrigerating system, as hereinafter described. The. passage 11 communicates at each end with passages 16 and 17 respectively, which latter extend u wardly to the top surface'of the cylinder ody, as shown in Figs. 2, 4 and 5.

The top of each ofthe passages 16 and 17 15 also counterbored so as to form around the passage an annular recess 18, and above comparatively narrow mm 19 upon w ich are adapted to rest or seat valve elements, 21 and 22 respectively, "in the form of thin plates, shown in perspective in Fig. 8. The shoulders 19 support in each instance a retalmng ring 23 which overlaps the edge of the va ve p ates 21 and 22, as shown in Fig. 5, and retain the plates within the recesses which they occupy, although permitting the slight vertical movement of the valve plates required for permitting passage of a fluid upwardly through the passages 16 and 17 The device further comprises a cover-plate 24 which rests upon the top of the body 1 and which is separated from said body by means of a gasket 25. This gasket, as shown in Fig. 6, has openin 26 and 27 which respectively register with the tops of the cylinders 2 and 3, and further comprise openings 28 and 29 which respectively register with the to s of the passages 16 and 17. The gasket rther com rises recesses 31 and 32 extending respective y between the 0 enings 26 and 28 and the openings 27 an 29 whereby communication is established be tween the respective cylinders and the respective passages 16 and 17.

In the cover-plate 24 are two openin sor ports 33 and 34 located as shown in so as to register respectively with the tops of the cylinders 2 and 3 through the openings 26 and 27 in the gasket. On its' upper surface, the cover-plate is recessed around and between the ports 33 and 34, as indicated at 35, the recess, however, not extending to the edges of the ports whereby relatively narrow rims 36 are formed around the up er ends of each of the ports. These rims orm a seat for a valve element 37 in the form of a thin tween and over the rts .33 and 34, as well shown in Figs. 1 an 3.

At the middle, the valve strip 37 is perforated for passage of a pair of retaining as flexible strip of suflicient length to extend be the art. The circulating tract of the system" includes the pipe 15 and a dome (not shown) which is secured above the plate 24 so as to receive the fluid discharged through the ports 33 and 34, as hereinafter described. The pistons 4 and 5 being reciprocated, they act alternately to draw the fluid through the pipe 15 and the passages 11, 1.6 and 17 into the cylinders. This is permitted by the valves 21 and 22 which as previously described are permitted to move upwardly to open the ports or passages 16 and 17, the fluid passing from these ports through the passages 31 and 32 of the gasket into the respective cylinders. The valves 21 and 22, however, act as checks preventing a return flow of the medium downwardly through the passages 16 and 17, so that when the pistons 4 and 5 moveupwardly in the cylinders, the fluid previously drawn into the cylinders is forced upwardly through the ports 33 and 34 and under the valve 37, the ends of which are flexed upwardly by the pressure within the cylinders. The valve 37, however, also functions as a check to prevent a return flow through the ports 33 and 34.

Attention is directed to the valve mechanism controlling the ports 33 and 34. The apertures in the element 37 through which the retaining screws 38 extend are sufficiently large to permit some play between the element and the retaining screws, so that the actual fulcrum when either end of the valve element 37 is flexed upwardly lies adjacent the opposite end of the strip and close to the point where the retaining spring 39 bears against the valve. This gives a comparatively lon arc of flexure in the strip 37, which maEes for durability in this member. The arrangement has the further advantage that when one end of the valve 37 is elevated with a consequent corresponding elevation of an end of the spring 39, the elevation of the latter actually increases the pressure exerted by the opposite end of the spring upon the unflexed end of the valve element 37, so that there is no tendency for the element 37 to flex sufliciently to uncover the opposite port. The device further and as previously described aflords an easy adjustment of pressure on the valve element .37 through the spring 39 and the retaining screws 38.

I claim:

1. The combination with a working cylinder casing having a cylinder bore and an admission port and an exhaust port, of a check valve controlling the admission port for said cylinder bore, and a check valve controlling the exhaust port, said latter valve consisting of a flexible element overlying the port, means for retaining said element in place, and a spring for exerting a closing pressure upon said element and adjustable throu h the medium of said retaining means.

2. T he combination with a cylinder casing having two cylinder bores and a separate discharge port for each bore, of valve means controlling said ports and including a flexible element overlying and normally closing both of said ports, and means for preventing transverse movement of said valve element while permitting free'flexure from end to end of the element to uncover the ports under pressure from within said bores.

3. The combination with'a cylinder casing having two cylinder bores and a separate discharge port for each bore, of, valve means controlling said ports including a single flexible element normally overlying and closing said ports, said element having a pair of apertures intermediate said ports, pins extending through said apertures and preventing transverse movement of said element while permitting free flexurefrom end to end to uncover the ports, and resilient means held in position by said pin and exerting a pressure on the valve element tending to prevent the said flexure.

4. The combination with a cylinder casing having two cylinder bores and a separate discharge port for each bore, of valve means controlling said ports and including a flexible element overlying and normally closing both of said ports, means for preventing transverse and longitudinal movement of said valve element while permitting flexure from end to end to uncover the ports, and a spring arranged to bear upon the valve element at spaced points adjacent the said ports whereby elevation of the valve over one port tends to increase the pressure of said spring upon the valve over the other port.

5. The combination with a cylinder casing having two cylinder bores and a separate discharge port for each bore, of valve means controlling said ports, resilient means tending to retain the valves on their seats against internal pressure within the cylinders, and means whereby the elevation of one valve results in an increase of pressure by said resilient means upon the other valve.

6. The combination with means having a pair of ports, of retaining means intermediate the ports, and valve means including an element positioned by said retaining means in operative association with both ports and freely flexible throughout its length durin the valve function.

7. he combination with means having a pair of ports, of independently movable valve parts for the ports, resilient means tending to hold the said parts in port-closing position, and means whereby the pressure of said resilient means on one of said valving parts is increased when the other part is unseated.

8. The combination with means having a pair of ports, of valves operatively associated with the ports and movable independentl in the valve operation, and a spring e ement bearing on both valves and fulcrumed intermediately whereby the move ment of one valve to uncover the associated port results in an increased pressure by said spring element tending to hold the other valve to its seat.

9. The combination with means having a pair of ports, of valve means therefor comprising an element mounted above and extending between the ports for displacement at the ends when the ports are uncovered, and means engaging the element intermediate the ports for positioning it with respect to the latter and leaving said intermediate portion of said element freely flexible whereby in the displacement of either end of saidrelement to uncover the respective ports the said positioning means offers no interference with the flexing of said element from end to end.

10. The combination with means having a pair of ports, of valve means therefor comprising an element mounted above and extending between the ports for displacement at the ends when the ports are uncovered, means engaging the element intermediate the ports for positioning it with respect to the latter and leaving said intermediate portion of said element freely flexible whereby in the displacement of either end of said element to uncover the respective ports the said positioning means offers no interference with,

the flexing of said element from end to end, and resilient means operatively associated with said element and resiliently controlling the said flexure.

11. The combination with means having a pair of ports, of valve means therefor comprising an element mounted above and extending between the ports for displacement at the ends when the ports are uncovered, means engaging the element intermediate the ports for positioning it withfrespect to the latter and leaving said intermediate por tion of said element freely flexible whereby in the displacement of either end of said element to uncover the respective ports the said positioning means offers no interference with the flexing of said element from end to end, and a second resilient element opposing the flexure of both ends of the first ;named element and fulcrumed at a point' ihtermediofi atethe ports whereby displacement of one end of the first-named element results in an element eing displaceable for uncovering the respective ports, and said element being freely flexible in its intermediate section whereby when the said ends are displaced the element iscapable of flexing throughout its length, a spring member arched above said element and at its ends engaging the ends of said element to resiliently oppose said displacement, and means constituting a fulcrum for said spring member intermediate the ports whereby displacement of one end of the said element results in an'increased pressure by said spring member on the other end of said element.

13. The combination with means having a pair of ports, of valve means for said ports comprising an element mounted above and extending between said ports, the ends of said element being displaceable for uncover- 7 whereby when the said ends are displaced the element is capable of flexing throughout its length, positioning means operatively associated with the element intermediate the ports, and a spring member overlying said element and resiliently controlling the displacement of the ends of said element and findin a fulcrum on said positionin means where y the displacement of one en of said element results in an increased pressure by said spring member tending to prevent displacement of the other end 'of said element.

15. The combination with a cylinder body having a cylinder bore therein, of a cylinder head overlying one end of and having a port communicating with said bore, said cylinder :body having a passage terminating in that J' connection between the u per end of the pasas and said bore, a va ve controlling said cy inder head port, and a piston reciprocatory in said bore. 16. The combination with a cylinder body having a cylinder bore therein, of a cylinder head overlying one end of and having a port communicating with said bore and constitut- 1 ing a discharge ning therefor, a passage in said body termmatin in that end a ainst which the said 0 linder ead is secure said head overlying t e end of the passage a check valve in said passage, means ior estahlishin communication between the outer end of said passage and the cylinder bore whereby the passage constitutes an intake for said bore, a valve controlling said discharge port, and a piston reci rocatory in the cylinder bore.

17. A cylinder casing having two cylinder bores, and adjacent thereto a passage with branches communicating respectively with said bores, each of said bores having a discharge port, and check valves controlling said branch passages and the discharge ports.

18. A cylinder casing including a pair of cylinder cores, and a common intake passage for said bores, said bores communicating With said intake passage through independv exit ports and each of said cylinder bores having also a discharge port, and valves controllin said intake and discharge ports.

19. cylinder casing having a cylinder bore therein, a cylinder head closing one end q of said bore said casi having a passage terminating in that one c t a ainst which the said cylinder head is securec and having also a port constituting a discharge spelling for said bore, a gasket inserted between the cylinder casing and the cylinder head and having a channel establishing communication between the said cylinder bore and said passage, 3. check valve controlling passage, a check valve controlling said discharge port, and a iston reciprocatory in said bore. 20. A cylinder casing having therein two 7 czlinder bores, and a common intake assage t erefor, said casing also having in ependent ports establishing communication between the said intake passage and the respective bores, and other ports constituting discharge openings for said bores, check valves controlling said orts, and valve means controlling sa d discharge ports and including a resilient element overyling both of said ports, resilient means tending to hold said resilient member in the ort-closing position, and retaining means or both the resilient element and the said retaining means. ELMER D. DUNN IN G. 

